Thermostat.



No. 868,630. l PATENTBD OCT. 15, 1907. J. HUMAN. v

THERMOSTAT.

APPLIOATIOH FILED H019. 1906.

@vitaux/a y awa-fad i, JAltES HOMAN, OF SPRINGFILD, OHIO;

THERMOSTAT.

` No. soaeso.

To all' whom it may concern.'

. Y Il Be it known that I, James HoHAN, a citizen of the United States, residing yat Springfield, in the county ol' (llarkand State of Ohio, baveinvented certain new `and useful Improvements in Thermostats, of which the 1 following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings. v

My invention relates to thermostats, and more particularly to :i thernmstatic float for controlling the heat applied to the egg chamber of an incubator, andthe object o1' the invention is to provide such a device which will positively and accurately lvary the position oi the heat regulating device Lathe-temperature in the incubator varies and` which can be adjusted to maintain any desired degree of temperature within said` incubator. i

With these ends in view .my invention consists .in certain novel features of construction to be hereinafter described, and then more fully pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a trans- .verse sectional view of an `incubator showing the thermostatie float in its lowest position with the damper. closed; Fig. 2 is a similar view-showing the float in its raised position with the damper open; Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the float; and Fig. 4 is a detail `sectional view of a modification of the same; In these. drawings, I have shown my invention as applied to an incubator of the type set forth -in an application filed by me of even date herewith, but the application of the invention is not confinedv to' incubators of this type butmay be employed with any 4incubator using hot water as a heating medium for the egg chamber and it may further be used in devices other than incubatore where it is desired to regulate the temperature of a body of water. y l' The incubator disclosed in the above mentioned application includes -an'egg chamber having a water'l chamber extending on a plurality of the sides of said egg chamber, and the `drawings of the .present applica-- tion illustrate a section of this' incubatortake'nl through the Water chamber shown'at 1. Arheat ue 2 extends through the water chamberand within thefiue 24 is mounted a second Hue 13 arranged centrally thereof and having its lower ends flared, asat 4, and-provided with an outwardly extending flange .5 which projects for a considerable distance beneath' the Wall of the water chamber 1. Beneath this water chamber is a wall 6, having downwardly converging sides terminating inan aperture 7 and forming a heat chamber 8 beneath the bottom of the water chamber. A lamp,

orother source of heat supply 9 is carried by a suitable support 10 beneath said heat chamber and projects through the aperture 47 in the wall 6 having thel upper end of the chimney thereof extending into the.

flared portion ofthe central heat flue. 'lhe i.: t;

Specification of Letters Patent. i `Application led November 9,1906;` Serial No. 842,668-

-tent' than the Patented oct. 15, 1907.

mounted at 13 and provided with a counterweig'ht 14. `When the damper 1l isclosed, asshown in Fig. 1, the heat from the lamp 9 is obliged to pass down and around the .outer edge of the Bange 5, carried by the central iiue 3, and to*` come into contact with a large portion of the lower surface of the water chamber 1, thereby heating the same. When the damper 11 is raised to its full extent, the heat from the lamp passes directly through the central flue 3 into the atmosphere without coming into contact with the walls of the water chamv ber and without affecting the temperature of the `Water within said chamber. In order to regulate the position of lthis damper relatively to the central flue and thereby -the heat through this central i'lue'is controlled by a dam-` perl or cap 1l -whichis carried by'la rod 12, pivotally maintain the water in said chamber at the desired .degree of temperature, `I connect to they rod 12, carrying the damper 11, a float 15 preferably consisting of a substantially rectangular receptacle or casing, having its walls 16 formed of thin sheet metal, such as brass, and provided at its upper edge with a bail 17, whereby it is connected to a rod 18 depending from the rod l2. The float yl5 is filled at a given'temperature with an expansible fluid, such as air or 'a suitable gas, and is then hermetically sealed.v The temperature at which the ioa'tis filled is such that when immersed in water at a. vgiven temperature it will occupy its lowermost position in the chamber, thereby closingfthe damper v11 of'the central flue 3, as shown in Fig. 1, and cause the heat from the lamp to pass around' the outeredg'e` of the flange 5 and come in contact with the lower wall of the' water chamber. The continued application of heat to the wall of this chamber raises the temperature of the water therein and causes the fluid within the float 15 to expand, thereby extending thewalls of the float and displacing a greater amount of water, and, following the well known law of hydrostatics, causing the float to risel to a higher position in said chamber, thus opening the damper 1] to which it is connected, and allowing the heat to escape ydirectly through the central lilue to the'atmosphere without affecting the temperature of the water within the chamber. As the water .cools the iioat again contracts and sinks to a proportionately lower position in the water chamber, thereby again closing or partially closing the damper 11 and. obliging the heat to again come into contact` with the walls of the water chamber.y The fluid, with which the float is filled, expandsto a greater extent than does the water in the-chamber when raised to the ,samedegree-of temperature, thereby diminishing the 'specific gravityof the iuid in the float toa greater exspecic gravity of the water is dimin-w ished. i v

In practice, the floot'15 will soon find the level in the water chamber at which the damper will be closed to'an extent sufficient to cau'se enough of the heat to displaced by Said no an@ .cause Said oat to Vary its come into contact with the wall of the Water chamber to maintain thenwater therein at the proper temperature mersed in the water, to confine the atmosphere contained therein'between the Water inthe chamber and.

the Walls of the float, and this air expanding and contracting under the influence of the heat in the chamberwill cause the float to rise and fall in the Water after the manner described above.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications Will occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,l is: Y

1. The combination, with a water chamber, means for applying heat thereto and means for regulating the application of said heat to said chamber, of an expanslble iioat immersed in 'the Water in said water chamber and connected to said heat regulating means whereby the variation of the heat in said chamber controls the position of the oat therein and regulates said heat-controlling means, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a water chamber, means'rioi` applying heat thereto and means for regulating the appli- 'cation.of .such heat to said water chamber, of an expanslble` float immersed in the -water in said water chamber and connected to said heat regulating means and containing an expansible i'luid Wherebythe variation of the temperature of said'water willvvary the amount of Water position in saidchamber, thereby operating said heat regulating means, substantially as described.

3. The combinati0n,.with avessel containing, water and means for heating said water, of a thermostatic iloat immersed in the water in said vessel and comprising a receptacle containing a fluid adapted to expand under the inuence of heat, whereby the expansion i the fluid within said receptacle will cause said float to rise and fall in said vessel, and means actuated by the risc and fall of said float for controlling said heating means, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a vessel contain-ing',r water and means for heating.r said water, of a thermostntic float comprising a receptacle having expansiblc walls and a fluid contained within said receptacle and adapted to ekpand under the influence of heat. whereby the expansion of said fluid will expand the walls of said receptacle and cause the same to rise and fail in said`vessci, and means actuated by the rise and fall of said 'oat for controlling said heating means, substantially as ldescribed.

5. rI he combination, with a vessel containing water and means for heating said water, of a thermostntic float supported within said vessel and comprising a hermciicnily sealed receptacle having expansible walls, and an expansible fluid contained Within said receptacle, the expansion whereof will cause said float to l'rise and fall in said vessel, and means actuated by the rise and fall of said oat for controlling the heating means, substantially as described. A

6. The combination, with a vessel containing water and means for heating said water, of a thermostatic. float supported within said vessel and comprising,r a receptacle havingv flexible walls filled with an cxpansiblc fluid at a tilted temperature and hermetically scaled, whereby the expansion of said uid within said flexible walls will cause said float to rise and fall in said vessel. und means actuated bythe rise and fall of said float for controlling said heating means, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature in presence u of two witnesses. s

JAMES IIOMAN.

Witnesses E. O. HAGAN,

EDWARD L. REED. 

